Resilience

Resilience is the capacity or human kapasias owned by a person, group or community that allows to deal with, prevent, minimize and even eliminate the adverse effects of these conditions are not pleasant, or even change the miserable condition becomes a natural thing to overcome . that is needed in every person.

Based Grotberg (1995: 15) there are three abilities atautiga resilience factors that resilience. For external support and resources, used the term 'I Have'. For the power of the individual, within the person used the term 'I Am', while for kemampuaninterpersonal used istilah'I Can '.

1. I Have

Factor I Have an external support and resources in improving the power supple. Before the children aware of who she is (I Am) or what he can do (I Can), children need external support and resources to develop a sense of safety and security that laid the foundation, the core to develop resilience. This aspect is the support and resources from outside that increase resilience. The sources are as follows:

1) Trusting relationships (trust relationship)

Parents, other family members, teachers, and friends who love and accept the child. Children of all ages need unconditional love from their parents and primary care providers (primary care givers), but they need love and emotional support from other adults as well. Love and support from others can sometimes be offset against the lack of affection from parents.

2) The structure and rules at home

Parents who provide a clear routines and rules, expect children to follow their behavior, and can rely on children to do so. Rules and routines that include the expected tasks done by children. Boundaries and consequences of these behaviors are understood and clearly stated. If these rules are violated, children are helped to understand that what he did was wrong, then encouraged to tell him what was happening, if need be punished, then forgiven and reconciled as adults. Parents do not harm the child with punishment, and no let anyone else harm the child.

3) Role models

Parents, other adults, brothers, and peers to act in ways that demonstrate the desired behavior and acceptable, both in family and others. They show how to do something, like a dress or asking for information and this will encourage children to imitate them. They become models of morality and to introduce children to religious rules.

4) Encouragement to be autonomous

Adults, especially parents, encourage children to do something without the help of others and try to find the assistance they need to help children to become autonomous. They praise the child when he showed the attitude of initiative and autonomy. Adults are aware of the temperament of the child, as their own temperament, so they can adjust the speed and level temperament to encourage children to be autonomous.

5) Access to health, education, welfare, and security services.

Children are individuals and families, can rely on consistent service to meet needs that can not be met by the family of hospitals and doctors, schools and teachers, social services, as well as police and fire protection or similar services.

2. I Am

Factor I Am is the strength that comes from within oneself. These factors include feelings, attitudes, and beliefs within the child. There are some parts of the factor of I Am namely:

1) Feelings of being loved and interesting behavior

Children are aware that people like and love him. Children will be kind to people who liked and loved him. One can set the attitude and behavior when faced with different responses when talking to other people.

2) To love, empathy, and altruistic

Children love others and express affection in many ways. He cares about what happens to other people and express caring through actions and words. Children feel uncomfortable and suffer because of someone else and want to do something to stop or share the pain or pleasure.

3) Proud of myself

Children know he is someone who is important and feel proud of who he is and what can be done to pursue his desire. Children will not let others belittle or humiliate him. When individuals have problems in life, confidence and self esteemmembantu them to survive and overcome the problem.

4) Autonomy and responsibility

Children can do things its own way and accept the consequences of such behavior. Children felt that she could become independent and responsible for it. Individuals understand the limits of their control of various activities and find out when someone else is responsible.

5) Hope, faith and trust

Children believe that there is hope for him and that there are people and institutions can be trusted. Children feel a sense of right and wrong, true believers will be victorious, and they want to contribute to this. Children have a sense of confidence and belief in morality and goodness, and can declare this as a belief in God or higher spiritual beings.

3. I Can

"I can" is the ability of individuals to express feelings and thoughts in communicating with others, solve problems in various life settings (academic, vocational, personal and social) and regulate behavior, and get help when they need it. There are several aspects that affect the factors I cans are:

1) Communicate

Children are able to express thoughts and feelings to others and to listen to what other people say and feel the feelings of others.

2) Solving problems

Children can assess a problem, the cause of the problem and know how to mecahkannya. Children can discuss solutions with others to find solutions that are expected to meticulous. He has the perseverance to stick with a problem until the problem can be solved.

3) Manage a variety of feelings and stimuli

Children can recognize their feelings, giving the title of emotions, and express it in words and behaviors that do not violate the feelings and rights of others or himself. Children also can manage to beat stimuli, escape, breaking things, the various actions that are not pleasant.

4) Measuring temperament yourself and others.

Individuals understand their own temperament (how to behave, stimulating, and take risks or silent, reflexes and be careful) and also on the temperament of others. This helps individuals to find out how long it takes to communicate, helping individuals to know the speed to react, and how many individuals can succeed in different situations

5) Looking for a reliable relationship

Children can find someone such as parents, siblings, peers to ask for help, share feelings and concerns, in order to find the best way to discuss and resolve personal and interpersonal problems.

References:

Grothberg, E. (1995). A Guide to Promoting Resilience in Children: Strengthening the Human Spirit. The Series Early Childhood Development: Practice and Reflections. Number8. The Hague: van Leer Voundation Benard.

Grothberg, E. (1999). Tapping Your Inner Strength, Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, Inc..

Reivick, K & Shatte, A. (2002). The Resilience Factor: 7 Essential Skills for Overcoming Life's Inevitable Obstacles. New York: Broadway Books


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